Life cycle cost modelling and economic analysis of wind power
This review attempts to explain the whole life cycle composition, economic analysis method and cost modelling process of wind power from a macro perspective, and summarizes
When large-scale wind farms were first set up in the early 1980s, wind energy was costing as much as $0.30 (kW h) −1 (30 cents per kilowatt-hour). New installations in the most favorable locations can produce electricity at less than $0.05 (kW h) −1, which is competitive to other energy sources ( Fig. 25.2 ).
Studies of the cost of wind energy and other renewable energy sources could become unreliable because of a lack of understanding of both the technology and the economics involved. Misleading comparisons of costs of different energy technologies are common. The cost of electricity in wind power generation includes the following components:
The statistic of wind energy in the US is presently based on annual average capacity factors, and construction cost (CAPEX). This approach suffers from one major downfall, as it does not include any parameter describing the variability of the wind energy generation.
A typical cost for a typical onshore wind farm has reached around $1000 kW −1 of installed rated capacity, and for offshore wind farms about $1600 kW −1. The corresponding electricity costs vary due to wind speed variations, locations, and different institutional frameworks in different countries .
The novelty of the present work is the recognition of the variability of wind power generation as a performance and cost parameter, and the proposal of a practical way to progress the design of the storage and its cost attribution to the generating facilities.
Economic Considerations A driver behind the growth in wind energy investment is the falling cost of wind-produced electricity. The cost of generating electricity from utility-scale wind systems has dropped by more than 80%.

This review attempts to explain the whole life cycle composition, economic analysis method and cost modelling process of wind power from a macro perspective, and summarizes
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IRENA – International Renewable Energy Agency
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