Photovoltaic Price Index
PRICE INDEX | August 2025 Photovoltaic Price Index Every month we publish a current price index on the development of wholesale prices of solar modules. In doing so, we differentiate
The price of photovoltaics (PV) has been steadily decreasing over the last decade, and many reports suggest that PV has become considerably cheaper than conventional electricity sources. In this paper, we critically evaluate the PV grid parity and use China as a case study.
Self-generated solar power is already cheaper than grid electricity almost everywhere, making home solar systems economically attractive. Solar module prices have fallen more than 99.8% since 1976. Study of almost 3,000 forecasts has revealed just how unambitious analysts have been in predicting solar panel price declines.
Over the past 40 years, solar photovoltaic (PV) prices have fallen by over two orders of magnitude, and during the period 2010 to 2021, the global weighted-average levelized cost of energy of newly commissioned utility-scale solar PVs fell by 88% (ref. 5), making solar PVs cheaper than fossil fuel power in some parts of the world.
Photovoltaic power plants undercut production costs of around $0.01/kWh in 2020, in sunny regions, and the current PV price trend enables even lower production costs. The average costs shown in the Bloomberg chart above could be significantly undercut with new systems.
Nonetheless, rapid price declines in solar PV have not been without controversy. China, for example, has played an outsized role in scaling up the mass production of solar PV cells and modules, comprising 78% of global production in 2021 9, 10 (Fig. 1).
Meanwhile, the costs of manufacturing PV panels have dropped dramatically, with the cost of the commercial PV modules declining from 1.7 USD/W in 2011 to 0.2 USD/W in 2020 . In some countries, PV have even become the cheapest option for new electricity production plants .

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