3GPP supported D2D architecture. eNB
The METIS project is laying the foundation of 5G mobile and wireless communication systems putting together the point of view of vendors,
The following describes the concepts needed to understand 5G network architectures: Evolved Packet Core (EPC): an LTE core network. EPC is classified into two types: traditional LTE core network (supporting access through LTE base stations) and upgraded LTE core network (also called EPC+, supporting access through 5G base stations).
EPC is classified into two types: traditional LTE core network (supporting access through LTE base stations) and upgraded LTE core network (also called EPC+, supporting access through 5G base stations). Next Generation Core (NGC): a 5G core network. NGC is a core network built based on 5G standards and supports access to 5G base stations.
The developed model can facilitate the rollout of 5G technology. Due to the high propagation loss and blockage-sensitive characteristics of millimeter waves (mmWaves), constructing fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks involves deploying ultra-dense base stations (BSs) to achieve satisfactory communication service coverage.
Standalone (SA): standalone networking. SA uses an end-to-end 5G network architecture, where 5G standards are used on terminals, base stations, and core networks. SA supports a variety of 5G new services, including eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC, and is applicable to the middle and later stages of 5G network construction.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3 a demonstrate, the demand points and candidate locations are modeled using a vector data model provided by GIS. Thus, for any alternative solution for 5G BS optimization, we can use an array with p elements to represent the antibodies in the virtual optimization model.
Furthermore, 5G is expected to revolutionize the development of many emerging technologies (Khan, Pi, & Rajagopal, 2012; Pi & Khan, 2011), such as the Internet of Things (IoT), self-driving cars, virtual reality (VR) and artificial intelligence (AI).

The METIS project is laying the foundation of 5G mobile and wireless communication systems putting together the point of view of vendors,
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The 5G NR base station platform will have the flexibility to support all classes of 5G use cases defined by 3GPP. The Project Group will consider 5G NR technology to select
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